Number Of Protons In Cl

The structure of the nucleus

Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons and electrons. Change the number of neutrons in an cantlet and it becomes an isotope, modify the number of electrons, it becomes an ion.

Structure of the nucleus

Mass number and atomic number are two important pieces of data most a nucleus .

A nucleus can be represented using the symbol annotation:

\[_{Z}^{A}\textrm{10}\]

Where:

A is the mass number
Z is the atomic number
X is the chemical symbol of the element
A - Z = number of neutrons N

For example, chlorine (Cl) can exist shown every bit:

Chlorine atom with mass number 35 and atomic number 17.

Cl is the chemical symbol for chlorine

A chlorine nucleus volition comprise:

Number of protons Z = 17
Number of protons + neutrons A = 35
Number of neutrons N = 35 - 17 = 18

The chlorine atom will as well take 17 electrons, as an atom is neutral.

Atoms and isotopes

An element's atomic number defines it.

An element with 17 protons will e'er be chlorine.

Withal an element's mass numbers tin vary, which means that it can accept dissimilar numbers of neutrons.

So although chlorine has a mass number of 35 which ways it has 18 neutrons, it can besides have a mass number of 37, which ways it has twenty neutrons.

The different types of chlorine are called isotopes of chlorine.

Isotopes are forms of an element that have the same number of protons but unlike numbers of neutrons.

At that place are iii isotopes of hydrogen: hydrogen, deuterium (hydrogen-2) and tritium (hydrogen-3):

Table showing the three isoptopes of hydrogen, the first with 0 neutrons, the second with 1 neutron and the third with 2 neutrons.

Carbon has three isotopes: \(_{half-dozen}^{12}\textrm{C}\) , \(_{half dozen}^{13}\textrm{C}\) and \(_{6}^{fourteen}\textrm{C}\) . They all comprise half-dozen protons, but six, seven and eight neutrons respectively.

\(_{7}^{14}\textrm{N}\) and \(_{vi}^{xiv}\textrm{C}\) are not isotopes.

They have the same mass number, A, but dissimilar atomic number, Z, and different chemic symbol - they are not the same chemical element.

If the number of protons changes, and then it is a dissimilar chemical element.

Question: How many protons does \(_{6}^{14}\textrm{C}\) contain?
: The diminutive number is 6 and so \(_{6}^{14}\textrm{C}\) contains half dozen protons.

Question: How many neutrons does \(_{six}^{14}\textrm{C}\) contain?
: Number of neutrons = mass number - atomic number = 14 - half dozen = viii neutrons.

Question

Write downwardly the number of particles in the following nuclei:

\[_{xxx}^{64}\textrm{Zn}\]

\[_{92}^{238}\textrm{U}\]

\[_{1}^{three}\textrm{H}\]

\[_{30}^{64}\textrm{Zn}\]

Number of protons Z = xxx
Number of protons + neutrons A = 64
Number of neutrons N = 64 - 30 = 34
Since this is a nucleus in that location are no electrons

There are xxx protons and 34 neutrons.

\[_{92}^{238}\textrm{U}\]

Number of protons Z = 92
Number of protons + neutrons A = 238
Number of neutrons N = 238 - 92 = 146
Since this is a nucleus there are no electrons

There are 92 protons and 146 neutrons.

\[_{1}^{iii}\textrm{H}\]

Number of protons Z = i
Number of protons + neutrons A = 3
Number of neutrons N = iii - 1 = 2
Since this is a nucleus at that place are no electrons

In that location is one proton and ii neutrons.